Large language models like GPT-4, the one behind ChatGPT, train on vast stores of data to complete one task: Produce a convincing sequence of words in response to a user’s written request. The tools ...

Abstract: Deterministic Turing machines and their associated complexity measures, by construction, cannot capture the complexity of the output of stochastic processes - like those in the real world.

Talk 3 + discussion: The fitness value of information as a unifying framework Ryan McGee, Joey Bernhart, Mary Oconnor, Cynthia Downs ...

Stephanie ForrestDirector of Biodesign Center for Biocomputing, Security and Society at ASU, SFI External Professor ...

This brief essay reviews an approach to defining and then detecting the emergence of complexity in nonlinear processes. It is, in fact, a synopsis of Reference [1] that leaves out the technical ...

The authors' proposal for the evolutionary origins of historical myths does not hold up to scrutiny, as illustrated by a simple mathematical model. Group-level explanations, such as defining the ...

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ...

The global pandemic of COVID-19 has underlined the need for more coordinated responses to emergent pathogens. These responses need to balance epidemic control in ways that concomitantly minimize ...

Predicting how ecological communities will respond to disturbances is notoriously challenging, especially given the variability in species' responses within the same community. Focusing solely on ...

Large language models (LLMs) now perform extremely well on many natural language processing tasks. Their ability to convert legal texts to data may offer empirical legal studies (ELS) scholars a ...

The human gut microbiome significantly impacts health, prompting a rise in longitudinal studies that capture microbiome samples at multiple time points. Such studies allow researchers to characterize ...

The computation of reliable, chemically correct atom maps from educt/product pairs has turned out to be a difficult problem in cheminformatics because the chemically correct solution is not ...